Dominique Kelly and Victoria L. Rubin
This study investigates dark patterns, intentional user interface (UI) strategies, prevalent in 25 social networking sites (SNSs). Analyzing attempts to disable experimental accounts, they identified major dark pattern types (Complete Obstruction, Temporary Obstruction, Obfuscation, Inducements to Reconsider, and Consequences). Findings reveal the pervasive use of these manipulative UI strategies across all examined SNSs, underscoring the challenges users face in disengaging from platforms. This research advocates for further exploration to assess the necessity of enhanced industry regulation.











































